Which modifier is used for patient-specific surgical requirements?

Modifier -WS is used to indicate that a surgical procedure was performed under specific patient-related circumstances that are not usually encountered in the standard procedure. This modifier helps to clarify that the surgery was necessary due to the unique needs of a patient, such as additional risks or complexities that are specific to that individual.

Using Modifier -WS allows healthcare providers to communicate important details about the patient's condition and how it impacted the procedure, ensuring that the surgical event is billed and documented accurately. This can influence reimbursement decisions from payers who need to understand the context of the surgical service provided.

In contrast, the other modifiers listed do not pertain directly to patient-specific surgical requirements; instead, they serve different purposes in the context of medical billing and coding.