Which modifier is appropriate when indicating a separate, distinct procedure performed at the same time as another?

The appropriate modifier to indicate a separate, distinct procedure performed at the same time as another is the XE modifier. This modifier is part of the X-modifier set, which was introduced to provide additional specificity for scenarios involving multiple procedures.

The XE modifier specifically denotes that a service or procedure is separate or distinct from other services performed on the same day. It tells payers that although two procedures were done, they are not related or overlapping in terms of clinical indication or intent, making the XE modifier vital in ensuring that the independent nature of each procedure is recognized and appropriately reimbursed.

Each of the X-modifiers serves a specific purpose, and understanding the distinctions among them is crucial. In this case, XE is the correct choice because it clearly communicates the idea of a distinct procedure performed simultaneously with others. The other modifiers (XS, XP, and XU) indicate different types of separateness, such as a service being performed on a different site or a different practitioner, which may not apply to the scenario described in your question.