When documenting a procedure that was performed with distinct services on two separate structures, which modifier should be applied?

In the context of documenting a procedure that was performed with distinct services on two separate structures, the correct modifier to apply is XS. This modifier, known as the "Separate Structure" modifier, indicates that a service or procedure performed is distinct and separate from another service performed on the same day. It is utilized specifically when documenting instances where separate anatomical sites or distinct procedures are involved, ensuring clarity in billing and coding practices.

The use of the XS modifier helps to communicate to payers that the services provided were not related, thus justifying the billing for both procedures as separate entities. When reporting procedures involving different structures, this modifier supports the idea that the services are uniquely identifiable, facilitating accurate reimbursement and preventing claims denials.

In this context, it is important to note that other modifiers listed, such as XE, XP, and XU, pertain to different aspects of service distinction and may not be appropriately applied in this scenario. XE is used for a service that is distinct because it was performed on a different encounter, XP indicates a distinct service was performed by a different practitioner, and XU signifies that the service provided was unusual or has special circumstances. Therefore, XS is the most suitable choice for indicating distinct services on two separate structures.